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Field (computer science)
In computer science, data that has several parts, known as a ''record,'' can be divided into fields. Relational databases arrange data as sets of database records, also called rows. Each record consists of several ''fields''; the fields of all records form the columns.
In object-oriented programming, ''field'' (also called ''data member'' or ''member variable'') is the data encapsulated within a class or object. In the case of a regular field (also called ''instance variable''), for each instance of the object there is an instance variable: for example, an Employee class has a Name field and there is one distinct name per employee. A static field (also called ''class variable'') is one variable, which is shared by all instances.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher = SLICCWARE )〕
==Fixed length==
Fields that contain a fixed number of bits are known as fixed length fields. A four byte field for example may contain a 31 bit binary integer plus a sign bit (32 bits in all). A 30 byte name field may contain a persons name typically padded with blanks at the end.
The disadvantage of using fixed length fields is that some part of the field may be wasted but space is still required for the maximum length case. Also, where fields are omitted, padding for the missing fields is still required to maintain fixed start positions within a record for instance.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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